Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve; National Marine Fisheries Service
      Publication_Date:
      Title: HUMPBACK WHALE SIGHTING FOR GLACIER BAY
      Edition:
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place:
        Publisher:
      Other_Citation_Details:
      Online_Linkage: <URL: http://agdcwww.wr.usgs.gov/usgs/brd/pws/>
  Description:
    Abstract: Humpback whales are photographically-identified and sighting histories compiled into a FoxPro database. FoxPro and MS Access programs and queries are used to extract interesting data from the sighting database. Sightings are collected June through August every year since 1977. Whale sightings collected under NMFS/NPS contract to researcher Jurasz 1977-1981, Baker and Herman 1982-1984, and by NPS whale biologists Baker 1985-1988, Straley 1988-1990, and Gabriele 1991-1994. Whale distribution, numbers, behavior and life history parameters are derived from observations of individually-identified humpback whales. Humpback whale population monitoring, initiated in 1985 by the National Park Service (NPS), is intended to provide the NPS and the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) with the necessary information to manage humpback whale populations in Glacier Bay and southeastern Alaska. Under this monitoring program, numbers of whales, their residence times, distribution and feeding habits are studied using photographic identification. These data have been collected in a systematic fashion with similar amounts of effort each year, to ensure comparability between years.
    Purpose:
    Supplemental_Information:
  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Single_Date/Time:
        Calendar_Date:
        Time_of_Day:
    Currentness_Reference: unknown
  Status:
    Progress: In Work
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency:
  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: 136.5
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: 135.400000000000005
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 58.3500000000000014
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 58.1499999999999985
  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Theme_Keyword: MAMMALS, MARINE,WILDLIFE POPULATIONS
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Place_Keyword: AK
      Place_Keyword: Alaska
      Place_Keyword: Glacier Bay Ecosystem, Glacier Bay Region
      Place_Keyword:
      Place_Keyword: Southeast - The waters of Glacier Bay, Icy Strait and Cross,Sound, with a few surveys conducted in other parts of,southeastern Alaska.
  Access_Constraints: Some Glacier Bay Ecosystem Project data sets may contain data with access constraints. Such areas include sensitive information on the locations of endangered species or cultural artifacts and data which contain private or confidential information. Data sets which are not complete may have access constraints until completion. Please contact the Information Management Systems Administrator at the Glacier Bay Field Station for details on any access constraints.
  Use_Constraints: Some Glacier Bay Ecosystem Project data sets may contain data with use constraints. Such areas include sensitive information on the locations of endangered species or cultural artifacts and data which contain private or confidential information. In addition some data sets are collaborative efforts with outside researchers and represent unpublished work for which we request respect for intellectual property rights. Some data sets are not complete and if access is given the use may be restricted until completion. Please contact the Information Management Systems Administrator at the Glacier Bay Field Station for details on any use constraints.
  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: NPS
        Contact_Person: GLACIER BAY INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: Glacier Bay National Park,One National Park Road,P.O. Box 140,Gustavus, Alaska 99826
        City:
        State_or_Province:
        Postal_Code:
        Country:
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907) 697-2230
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: GLBA_INFORMATION_MANAGEMENT@NPS.GOV
  Browse_Graphic:
    Browse_Graphic_File_Name:
    Browse_Graphic_File_Description:
    Browse_Graphic_File_Type:
  Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Data_Quality_Information:
  Attribute_Accuracy:
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Whale sighting database contains records of humpback whale,observations backed up by photographic documentation.
    Quantitative_Attribute_Accuracy_Assessment:
      Attribute_Accuracy_Value:
      Attribute_Accuracy_Explanation:
  Logical_Consistency_Report:
  Completeness_Report: Whale sighting database is complete up to 1994, although,changes is whale ID#s sometimes need to be made when matches,to other photo collections are made or errors are detected.
  Positional_Accuracy:
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The humpback whale monitoring program concentrated in,Glacier Bay and Icy Strait from late May to late August.,Humpback whales were observed and photographed from a 17',Boston Whaler powered with a 60 hp outboard engine. Whale,fluke photographs were taken with a Nikon 8008 camera,equipped with a motordrive, databack, and 300 mm lens. High,speed (400 ASA pushed to 1600) black and white film was used,to obtain clear photographs of the ventral fluke surface of,each whale. Each whale fluke has a distinct black and white,pigment pattern that allows individual identification,(Jurasz and Palmer 1981; Katona et al. 1979). Photographs of,individuals were compared to previous Glacier Bay,photographs and to available catalogs (Jurasz and Palmer,1981; Perry et al. 1985; Perry et al. 1988; von Zeigesar,1992) to determine the identity and past sighting history of,each whale. After all photographs were analyzed, the number,of distinct individual whales in the sample was counted.,Separate counts were made of Glacier Bay and Icy Strait, for,the total monitoring period and for a 'standardized period',(after Perry et al. 1985), from 9 July to 16 August. Annual,reports on population characteristics of humpback whales in,Glacier Bay and Icy Strait written (1985-1994).
  Lineage:
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: FIELD OBSERVATIONS
          Publication_Date:
          Publication_Time:
          Title:
          Edition:
          Online_Linkage:
      Source_Scale_Denominator:
      Type_of_Source_Media:
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Single_Date/Time:
            Calendar_Date:
      Source_Contribution: FIELD OBSERVATIONS
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Humpback whales are photographically-identified and sighting,histories compiled into a FoxPro database. Sightings are,collected June through August every year since 1977.
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Indirect_Spatial_Reference:
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  Raster_Object_Information:
    Raster_Object_Type:
    Row_Count:
    Column_Count:
    Vertical_Count:
Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Geographic:
      Latitude_Resolution:
      Longitude_Resolution:
      Geographic_Coordinate_Units:
        DDDMDS
        OR
    Planar:
      Map_Projection:
        Map_Projection_Name:
        Albers_Conical_Equal_Area:
          Standard_Parallel:
          Longitude_of_Central_Meridian:
          Latitude_of_Projection_Origin:
          False_Easting:
          False_Northing: OR
      Grid_Coordinate_System:
        Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: UTM
        Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
          UTM_Zone_Number:
          Transverse_Mercator:
    OR
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: NAD27
      Ellipsoid_Name:
      Semi-major_Axis:
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio:
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Overview_Description:
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: Information Management System Administrator ,National Biological Service, Box 140, Glacier Bay Field Station, Gustavus, AK 99826, (907-697-2230)
        Contact_Person:
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      Hours_of_Service:
      Contact_Instructions:
  Resource_Description: HBW77_94.DBF
  Distribution_Liability: Although these data have been processed,successfully on a computer system at the,National Biological Service, no warranty,expressed or implied is made regarding,the accuracy or utility of the data on,any other system or for general or,scientific purposes, nor shall the act,of distribution constitute any such,warranty. This disclaimer applies both,to individual use of the data and,aggregate use with other data. It is,strongly recommended that these data are,directly acquired from a National,Biological Service server, and not,indirectly through other sources which,may have changed the data in some way.,It is also strongly recommended that,careful attention be paid to the,contents of the metadata file associated,with these data. The National Biological,Service shall not be held liable for,improper or incorrect use of the data,described and/or contained herein.
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Non-digital_Form:
    Digital_Form:
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name:
        Format_Version_Number:
        File_Decompression_Technique: gzip
        Transfer_Size:
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name:
          Access_Instructions: Open access via anonymous ftp
        Offline_Option:
          Offline_Media:
          Recording_Capacity:
            Recording_Density:
            Recording_Density_Units:
          Recording_Format:
          Compatibility_Information:
    Fees:
    Ordering_Instructions: (Interim Statement) The Glacier Bay Information Management Team is currently developing the methodologies for distribution of data sets. Until standardized methods are developed please contact the Information Management System Administrator to obtain the latest information on methods for obtaining data.
    Turnaround:
  Custom_Order_Process:
  Technical_Prerequisites:
Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date:
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Karen Oakley
        Contact_Organization: USGS Biological Resources Division / Alaska Science Center
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing address
        Address: 1011 East Tudor Road
        City: Anchorage
        State_or_Province: AK
        Postal_Code: 99503
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 907-786-3579
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: karen_oakley@nbs.gov
      Contact_Instructions: The USGS BRD Alaska Science Center will be making an effort to keep the information provided in these metadata records current.  Please send corrections, additions and suggestions for improvement to Karen Oakley at the above address.
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: 19940608
  Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Use_Constraints: None